Smart Materials in Additive Manufacturing, volume 1: 4D Printing Principles and Fabrication

4D-Printed Smart Materials and Structures: Mechanics, Modeling, and Advanced Engineering Applications provides a thorough introduction to the fundamentals of the mechanics, manufacturing, modeling, and applications of 4D printed smart materials and structures. Divided into two sections, the book starts by covering the basic theories, definitions, and fabrication details of 4D printing and various smart materials such as shape memory polymers, stimuli-responsive hydrogels, pneumatic soft actuators, dielectric elastomer soft robots, liquid crystal elastomers, shape memory alloys, and magnetic stimulus structures. The second part then examines the mechanics of these materials and their various applications, covering topics such as variable stiffness, miniature-sized 4D printing, and bi-stable and multi-stable mechanisms. The book also includes a chapter on machine learning in 4D printing and provides applications in mechanical, aerospace, civil, and structural engineering, among others. Covers the mechanics, manufacturing processes, and applications of 4D-printed smart materials and structures Discusses applications in civil, mechanical, aerospace, polymer, and biomedical engineering Presents experimental, numerical, and analytical studies in a simple and straightforward manner, providing tools that can be immediately implemented and adapted by readers to fit their work